THE FEASIBILITY OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING FRESH WATER TO Essay

THE FEASIBILITY OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING FRESH WATER TO ARID REGIONS OF THE mankind - Essay ExampleThere are two solutions which include finding an alternate or extra water supply resource using conservative centralised approach. This report entails on different methods use in garner water to make it useful for human consumption and domestication. The methods include a) Rain water harvesting b) Water diversions c) Desalination d) Water re-use e) Storing water in reservoirs f) Transferring water among basins 1. Rain water harvesting Rain water management which is also known as harvesting has received numerous renewed attentions as an alternative means of augmenting water sources. The method involves collecting and intercepting rain water where it falls to the ground forrader it gets contaminated to the extent of being harmful to human consumption (Pereira et al, 2002) as the author suggests. Water harvesting has been employed for a long time for the blueprint of irri gation and restoration of lands productivity, used for drinking by both humans and animals, increase ground water resources, minimize risk in drought stricken areas and to take down ( rain water harvesting, 2006 ) storm water discharge as the journal states. Water harvesting has a few advantages which includes I. It provides a good supplement to separate water sources and co- exists well with them, hence relieving pressure on the other sources of water. II. It reduces storm drainage and flooding in urban streets. III. Its maintenance, construction, and operation are not tug intensive, and the technology applied is very flexible. 2. Water diversions Water diversion is where water is directed to a certain direction where it is easily manageable and monitored. The technique used to deal with natural variability in flow consists of diversion of water into ditches, recharge pits spreading basins and infiltrations lagoons. The practice of water diversion is widely applied in most count ries especially the ones in the arid and semi-arid regions throughout the Middle East and Mediterranean terrains (UNESCO, 2000 Mahnot et al., 2003) as it was reported from the international organization focusing on water development in developing and developed countries. 3. Desalination This method is used only in water-scarce semi-arid and coastal- arid areas that are inland located where the only operational source of water is either (brackish) ground water or saline. This technology of water harvesting has been used since the twentieth century as (Awerbuch, 2004 and Schiffler 2004) report close to the global use of desalination capacity and its challenges. About fifty percent of worldwide desalination occurs in the Middle East, followed by North America and Europe. The incoming usage of desalination is emerging at a high rate with an increasing demand and up- scaling process. It promotes tourism and also acts as a deflection for the development of economy in the coastal region s (Pyne et al, 2004) as reported in the world water development report. 4. Water re-use It was recently summarized (Asano and Levine, 2004) that there are many another(prenominal) challenges associated with water recovery and reuse. They stated that the technique used in water reuse has been employed in many countries such as the United States and Germany. juvenile waste water treatment has facilitated its increased usage in up to date waste water treatment procedure. These technological processes can effectively take in environmental material, pathogens and nutrients leaving the treated water with a wide range of prospective applications. According to the water recycle survey (Mantovani et al,